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Southern Leyte: From Negative to a Positive Growth Rate in the Late 90's (Results from the 2000 Census of Population and Housing, NSO)

Reference Number: 2002-122
Release Date: 03 September 2002

 

Population growth rate increased to 2.73 percent

The Census 2000 results showed that Southern Leyte registered a total population of 360,160 persons, higher by 42,595 persons over the 1995 Census of Population results. This figure recorded a 2.73 percent growth rate, from a negative growth rate of 0.26 percent in the 1990 to 1995 period. A corresponding increase on the number of households was also recorded at 72,894 households, higher by 7,327 households over the 1995 figure. This resulted to an average household size of 4.94 persons, higher than the average household size recorded in 1995 and lower than the national average of five persons.

Maasin (provincial capital) was the largest in terms of population

Maasin (provincial capital) was the largest among the 19 municipalities in Southern Leyte. It registered a population of 71,163 or 19.76 percent of the total population of the province. It was followed by Sogod (10.38 percent), Bontoc (7.66 percent), and Hinunangan (6.95 percent). Limasawa, on the other hand, had the smallest population with 1.43 percent.

Southern Leyte ranked fifth in Eastern Visayas

Southern Leyte ranked fifth in terms of population among the six provinces in Eastern Visayas with 9.98 percent of the 3.6 million persons of the region. On the contrary, it was the fastest growing province in the region. At the national level, the province contributed 0.47 percent to the total population of 76.5 million.

Half of the population were below 20 years old

Southern Leyte had a median age of 20 years, slightly lower than the 1995 median age of 21 years. This meant that half of the population was below 20 years old.

Sex ratio was recorded at 104.10

There were 183.7 thousand males and 176.5 thousand females in Southern Leyte. This gave a sex ratio of 104.1 males for every 100 females. There were more males in the age group 0 to 49 years, while more females in the 50 years and above age group.

 

Table A. Total Population and Growth Rates by Province, Eastern Visayas (Region VIII): 1995 and 2000

Province Population Growth Rate
2000 1995 2000 1995
Eastern Visayas 3,610,355 3,366,917 1.51 1.84
   Biliran 140,274 132,209 1.28 2.15
   Eastern Samar 375,822 362,324 0.79 1.80
   Leyte 1,592,336 1,511251 1.13 1.89
   Nothern Samar 500,639 454,195 2.11 3.21
   Samar 641,124 589,373 1.82 1.87
   Southern Leyte 360,160 317,565 2.73 -0.26

Source: NSO, 2000 Census of Population and Housing

 

Three dependents out of four economically active persons

More than 57 percent belonged to the economically active population aged 15 to 64 years. About 36 percent were young dependents aged 0 to 14 years while less than seven percent were aged 65 years and above (old dependents). The overall dependency ratio in 2000 was 74.87, lower than the 1995 ratio of 84.74. This meant that for every 100 persons aged 15 to 64 years, there were about 75 dependents, i.e., 64 young dependents and 11 old dependents.

More female degree holders

Almost half (49.48 percent) of the population five years old and over had attended or completed elementary education; 26.85 percent, high school; 2.85 percent, post secondary education; 3.55 percent were academic degree holders; 7.33 percent were college undergraduates; and 0.32 percent had post-baccalaureate studies.

There were more males than females among those who had attended or finished elementary (52.80 percent) and post-secondary courses (53.11 percent). On the other hand, there were more females who had attended/completed high school (51.48 percent), were college undergraduates (52.07 percent), were academic degree holders (58.95 percent), and had post baccalaureate courses (57.43 percent).

Four out of five were Bisaya/Binisaya

About 80.74 percent of the household population classified themselves as Bisaya/Binisaya. Other ethnic groups included Boholano (12.64 percent), Cebuano (5.15 percent), Tagalog (0.20 percent), and Waray (0.15 percent).

More single persons than married

Single persons accounted for 45.87 percent of the total persons 10 years old and over, higher than the 1995 figure (43.90 percent) by 1.97 percentage points. Married persons comprised 44.06 percent in 2000 lower than in 1995 (48.83 percent) while the widowed (5.06 percent) slightly increased compared to the 1995 figure (4.86 percent). Those with other arrangements increased from only 1.32 percent in 1995 to 3.45 percent in 2000.

Single houses were most preferred

In 2000, most of the housing units in Southern Leyte were single houses, 97.00 percent, lower than the 98.55 percent recorded in 1990. About three out of five of the occupied housing units needed no repair or if needed one, with minor repair only. About 21.51 percent needed major repair.

More than one out of five occupied housing units had floor area of 10 to 19 square meters

Out of 72,400 occupied housing units in Southern Leyte, more than one out of five (22.40 percent) had floor area of 10 to 19 square meters. This was followed by housing units with floor area of 20 to 29 square meters (19.47 percent) and with 30 to 49 square meters (18.93 percent). Only 5.98 percent had 120 square meters or more.

Three out of five housing units had roof made of galvanized iron/aluminum

About 62 percent of the occupied housing units had roof made of galvanized iron/aluminum, higher than the 1990 figure of 32.65 percent. On the other hand, roof made of cogon/nipa/anahaw declined from 63.39 percent in 1990 to 33.13 percent in 2000. As to construction material of the outer walls, the proportion of concrete/brick/stone rose from 8.96 percent in 1990 to 22.76 percent in 2000.

 

SOUTHERN LEYTE

The province is situated in the southern portion of Leyte Island and includes Limasawa and Panaon islands. It is bounded on the north by Leyte, on the east by the Leyte Gulf, on the west by Camotes Sea, and on the south by Surigao Street.

A movement to divide the Leyte province began in 1919 when the first bill dividing it into two was filed in Congress but was disapproved in the Senate. Act No. 3117 was passed, providing for an Oriental and Occidental Leyte to take effect after the proclamation in 1922 by the governor general, but the proclamation never came. Another bill was filed in Congress but it was stock in the House of Representatives in 1953. On May 22, 1959, R.A. No. 2227 divided Leyte into the present Leyte and Southern Leyte provinces.

The province is characterized by relatively flat coastal areas and mountainous interiors. Major crops grown in the province are coconut, abaca, rice, sugarcane and banana; fishing is another economic activity. Tourist attractions are the island of Limasawa, where a marker stands where the first Catholic Mass was celebrated in the Philippines, the Spanish-era cathedral in Maasin, Guinsohotan Falls, Cuatro Islas, Kuting Beach Resort in Macrohon and Magsuhot Park.

Source: Fast Facts About Philippine Provinces
               By: Conrado M. Lancion, Jr.
               (Tahanan Books, Manila)

 

 

 

(Sgd.) CARMELITA N. ERICTA
Administrator

 

 

Table 1. Population Distribution of Top Five Municipalities by Sex: Southern Leyte, 2000

Municipalities Total Population Percent Male Female
Southern Leyte 360,160 100.00 183,695 176,465
     Maasin (Capital) 71,163 19.76 35,840 35,323
     Sogod 37,402 10.38 19,283 18,119
     Bontoc 27,592 7.66 14,138 13,454
     Hinunangan 25,016 6.95 12,901 12,115
     Macrohon 23,102 6.41 11,912 11,190
     Saint Bernard 23,089 6.41 11,882 11,207
     Other Municipalities 152,796 42.42 77,739 75,057

Source: NSO, 2000 Census of Population and Housing

 

Table 2. Total Population by Age Group, Sex and Sex Ratio: Southern Leyte, 2000

Age Group Total Population Male Female Sex Ratio
Southern Leyte 360,160 183,695 176,465 104.10
     Under 1 8,261 4,330 3,931 110.15
     1 to 4 33,133 16,984 16,149 105.17
     5 to 9 45,121 23,270 21,851 106.49
     10 to 14 44,491 22,856 21,635 105.64
     15 to 19 36,683 19,269 17,414 110.65
     20 to 24 28,772 15,282 13,490 113.28
     25 to 29 23,189 12,036 11,153 107.92
     30 to 34 23,059 11,610 11,449 101.41
     35 to 39 21,599 11,006 10,593 103.90
     40 to 44 18,767 9,505 9,262 102.62
     45 to 49 15,852 8,073 7,779 103.78
     50 to 54 14,278 7,067 7,211 98.00
     55 to 59 12,498 6,166 6,332 97.38
     60 to 64 11,256 5,411 5,845 92.57
     65 to 69 8,528 4,122 4,406 63.55
     70 to 74 6,487 3,033 3,454 87.81
     75 to 79 4,500 2,055 2,445 84.05
     80 & Over 3,686 1,620 2,066 78.41

Source: NSO, 2000 Census of Population and Housing

 

Table 3. Household Population 5 Years Old and Over by Highest Educational Attainment and Sex: Southern Leyte, 2000

Highest Educational Attainment Household Population
5 Years Old & Over
Male Female
Southern Leyte 318,375 162,142 156,233
     No Grade Completed 16,676 9,167 7,509
     Pre-School 8,658 4,499 4,159
     Elementary 157,703 83,269 74,434
     High School 85,482 41,477 44,005
     Post Secondary 9,079 4,822 4,257
     College Undergraduate 23,332 11,183 12,149
     Academic Degree Holder 11,302 4,639 6,663
     Post Baccalaureate 1,029 438 591
     Not Stated 5,114 2,648 2,466

Source: NSO, 2000 Census of Population and Housing

 

Table 4. Household Population by Ethnicity and Sex: Southern Leyte, 2000

Ethnicity Both Sexes Male Female
Southern Leyte 359,738 183,439 176,299
     Bisaya/Binisaya 290,460 148,594 141,866
     Boholano 45,458 22,924 22,534
     Cebuano 18,543 9,292 9,251
     Tagalog 711 359 352
     Waray 536 269 267
     Others 2,689 1,337 1,352
     Other Foreign Ethnicity 76 55 21
     Not Reported 1,265 609 656

Source: NSO, 2000 Census of Population and Housing

 

Table 5. Total Population 10 Years Old and Over by Age Group and Marital Status: Southern Leyte, 2000

Age Group Total Population
10 Yrs Old & Over
Single Married Widowed Divorced/
Separated
Others Unknown
Southern Leyte 273,645 125,523 120,575 13,846 2,598 9,434 1,669
     Below 20 81,174 78,164 1,340 62 60 636 912
     20 - 24 28,772 21,284 5,672 28 104 1,373 311
     25 - 29 23,189 10,207 11,258 77 173 1,360 114
     30 - 34 23,059 5,737 15,514 176 239 1,310 83
     35 - 39 21,599 3,269 16,511 263 332 1,166 58
     40 - 44 18,767 2,032 15,038 406 315 943 33
     45 - 49 15,852 1,366 12,719 636 360 747 24
     50 - 54 14,278 1,050 11,300 942 325 630 31
     55 - 59 12,498 751 9,763 1,298 239 428 19
     60 - 64 11,256 584 8,311 1,818 174 350 19
     65 - 69 8,528 422 5,818 1,923 129 222 14
     70 - 74 6,487 316 3,860 2,078 81 133 19
     75 - 79 4,500 194 2,230 1,955 36 76 9
     80 & Over 3,686 147 1,241 2,184 31 60 23

Source: NSO, 2000 Census of Population and Housing

 

Table 6. Occupied Housing Units by Construction Materials of Outer Walls and Roof: Southern Leyte, 2000

CONSTRUCTION
MATERIALS OF THE
OUTER WALLS
Total
Occupied
Housing
Units
CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS OF THE ROOF
Galvanized
Iron/
Aluminum
Tile/
Concrete/
Clay Tile
Half
Galvanized,
Iron/Half
Concrete
Cogon/
Nipa/
Anahaw
Wood Makeshift/
Salvaged/
Improvised
Materials
Asbestos/
Others/
Not
Reported
Southern Leyte 72,400 44,746 200 1,348 24,417 525 336 828
     Concrete/Brick/Stone 16,478 15,615 101 127 610 13 2 10
     Wood 19,033 12,377 43 278 5,869 383 38 45
     Half Concrete/Brick/
        Stone and Half
        Wood
12,165 9,805 31 661 1,591 44 17 16
     Galvanized Iron/
        Aluminum
172 116 4 15 29 8 - -
     Bamboo/Sawali/
        Cogon/Nipa
22,553 6,174 0 238 15,860 74 89 118
     Asbestos 54 36 11 2 - 1 - 4
     Glass 11 8 2 - - - - 1
     Makeshift/Salvaged/
        Improvised
        Materials
503 122 - 8 179 - 187 7
     Others/Not Reported 1,350 443 6 17 254 2 1 627
     No walls 81 50 2 2 25 - 2 -

Source: NSO, 2000 Census of Population and Housing

 

 

TECHNICAL NOTES

 

Average Household Size - average number of people who live in the household

Growth Rate - the rate at which the population is increasing (or decreasing) in a given year due to natural increase and net migration, expressed as a percentage of the base population

Median Age - the age at which exactly half of the population is young and half is old

Sex Ratio - the ratio of males to females in a given population expressed as the number of males per 100 females

Age-Dependency Ratio - the ratio of persons in the "dependent" ages (under 15 years and over 64 years) to those in the "economically productive" ages (15 to 64 years old) in the population

Household - a social unit consisting of a person or a group of persons who sleep in the same housing unit and have common arrangements in the preparation and consumption of food

The 2000 Census of Population and Housing (Census 2000) was undertaken by the National Statistics Office (NSO) in May 2000, as mandated by Commonwealth Act No. 591, Batas Pambansa Blg. 72 and Executive Order No. 121. It was the 11thcensus of population and 5thcensus of housing undertaken in this country since the first census in 1903. It was designed to take an inventory of the total population and housing units all over the Philippines and to collect information about their characteristics. Census day for the Census 2000 was May 1, 2000 (12:01 a.m.). Enumeration started on May 1, 2000 and lasted for about 30 days.

 






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