Number of Establishments
Establishments engaged in Fishing activities reached a total of 287 in 2009 based on the results of 2009 Annual Survey of Philippine Business and Industry.
Among industries, Ocean and Coastal Fishing reported the highest count of establishments at 156 or 54.3 percent of the total. Operation of Fish Farms and Nurseries ranked second with 94 establishments (32.8%) while Prawn Culture with 20 establishments (7.0%) placed third. Figure 1 shows the distribution of Fishing establishments for all employment sizes by industry group in 2009.
Employment
All Fishing establishments employed a total of 20,726 workers in 2009. Paid employees constituted 98.3 percent (20,371 workers) of the total while the remaining 1.7 percent (355 workers) were working owners and unpaid workers.
By industry, Ocean and Coastal Fishing, having the most number of establishments also hired the most number of workers with 16,169 (78.0%). Operation of Fish Farms and Nurseries with 1,838 (8.9%) workers followed distantly. Pearl Culture and Pearl Shell Gathering ranked third with 1,188 (5.7%) workers. Figure 2 displays the distribution of employment of Fishing sector for all employment sizes by industry group in 2009.
The average number of workers for the Fishing sector was recorded at 72 per establishment. Among industries, Pearl Culture and Pearl Shell Gathering topped the sector with 149 workers per establishment, followed by Ocean and Coastal Fishing with 104.
Compensation
Compensation paid by all Fishing establishments to its workers amounted to PHP2.4 billion in 2009, translating to an average annual remuneration of PHP120,622 per worker.
Workers in Pearl Culture and Pearl Shell gathering were the highest earner with an average annual pay of PHP144,830, while those employed in the Ocean and Coastal Fishing were the second highest earner with average pay of PHP114,994 annually. The third highest average annual remuneration was received by workers in the Prawn Culture with PHP113,622. Figure 3 displays the average annual compensation of workers of Fishing sector for all employment sizes by industry group in 2009.
Value of Output
Value of output in 2009 produced by all Fishing establishments amounted to PHP13.3 billion.
At the industry level, highest value of output was generated by Ocean and Coastal Fishing worth PHP10.5 billion or 78.9 percent of total output value. This was followed far behind by Operation of Fish Farms and Nurseries with PHP1.5 billion (11.4%). Prawn culture ranked third with output value of PHP0.6 billion (4.6%). Figure 4 displays the distribution of value of output of Fishing sector for all employment sizes by industry group in 2009.
Cost
Cost incurred by all Fishing establishments in 2009 summed up to PHP11.7 billion. Ocean and Coastal Fishing expended the highest with PHP8.9 billion (76.2%) followed by Operation of Fish Farms and Nurseries with PHP1.8 billion (15.4%). Prawn Culture, which spent a total of PHP0.4 billion (3.7%), ranked third.
Revenue per Cost
The ratio of total revenue to total cost was recorded at 1.23 in 2009, which means that for every peso spent PHP1.23 was realized in terms of revenue.
Among industries, Seaweed Farming recorded the highest revenue per peso cost of 3.44 revenue per cost. This was followed by Pearl Culture and Pearl Shell Gathering and Prawn Culture with ratio of 1.71 and 1.37, respectively.
Value Added
Value added for the Fishing sector in 2009 was estimated at PhP4.2 billion. Industry-wise, Ocean and Coastal Fishing contributed 75.0 percent of the total value added for the sector. The remaining 25.0 percent were shared by Operation of Fish Farms and Nurseries with PHP0.3 billion (7.7%), Pearl Culture and Pearl Shell Gathering with PHP0.2 billion (5.5%), Prawn culture with PHP0.2 billion (5.4%) and all other industries with PHP0.3 billion (6.4%).
Labor Productivity
Labor productivity, defined as the ratio of value added to total employment, was estimated at PHP204.7 thousand for the Fishing sector. The highest labor productivity was recorded by Prawn Culture, PHP315.0 thousand. Pearl Culture and Pearl Shell Gathering and, Ocean and Coastal fishing tied in second place with PHP196.9 thousand each. Operation of Fish Farms and Nurseries placed third with PHP177.7 thousand. Figure 5 shows the value added per worker of Fishing sector for all employment sizes by industry group in 2009.
Gross Addition to Tangible Fixed Assets
Gross addition to fixed assets reached PHP577.8 million. Ocean and Coastal Fishing reported the highest gross addition to fixed assets amounting to PHP445.1 million or 77.0 percent of the total. This was followed by Operation of Fish Farms and Nurseries and Prawn Culture with gross additions to fixed assets worth PHP79.6 million (13.8%) and PHP26.4 million (4.6%), respectively. Seaweed Farming did not report any addition to fixed assets in 2009.
Change in Inventories
Total change in inventory (ending less beginning inventory) amounted to PHP59.0 million in 2009. Operation of Fish Farms and Nurseries recorded the highest change in inventory worth PHP32.6 million or 55.2 percent of the total. Prawn culture came next with PHP26.2 million (44.5%). On the other hand, Pearl Culture and Pearl Shell Gathering and Seaweed Farming reported negative change in inventory with a combined amount of PHP1.2 million.
Subsidies
Total subsidies received by Fishing sector in 2009 reached PHP818 million. Industries that were provided with subsidies from the government were Prawn Culture (PHP496.0 million) and, Pearl Culture and Pearl Shell Gathering (PHP321.0 million).
TECHNICAL NOTES
Introduction
The 2009 Annual Survey of Philippine Business and Industry (ASPBI), conducted in 2010 with 2009 as reference year, is a continuing activity of the National Statistics Office (NSO). It is a nationwide undertaking which aims to provide data on the structure and trends of economic activities in the country.
The data collected from 2009 ASPBI serves as reliable bases upon which the government and the private sector can formulate policies and evolve economic development plans. Specifically, the survey results are used in constructing the national and regional income accounts of the Philippine economy; formulating development strategies and monitoring plans/policies in the attainment of national and regional goals; determining and comparing regional economic structures and performance; valuating conditions of the economy, employment and income perspective in order to make more informed decisions; evaluating business options, assessing opportunities for new investments and estimating market shares of industries; and providing updates for the frame of establishments.
Legal Authority
The legal authority for the conduct of the economic census and surveys is provided by various legislative acts and directives.
Commonwealth Act No 591 of 1940 is the law that created the Bureau of Census and Statistics (now the National Statistics Office). This organic law empowers the Bureau, among other things, to prepare for and undertake all census of population, agriculture, industry and commerce.
Confidentiality of Information. Section 4 of CA 591 states that: "Data furnished to the Bureau of Census and Statistics . . . shall not be used as evidence in court . . .; nor shall such data or information be divulged to any person except to authorized employees of the Bureau of Census and Statistics...". This is to assure local businesses and industries operating in the country that as required by law, all data reported to NSO will be kept strictly confidential. All of the survey data products that will be published will include only summary information, and these will not identify any individual business.
E.O. 352 (Designation of Statistical Activities that will generate critical data for decision-making by the Government and the Private Sector, dated July 1,1996) approves the ASPBI, and other major censuses and surveys of the agency, as designated statistical activities of the Government whose data are considered critical in the formulation of economic development plans and policy decision making.
Other legislative acts and presidential directives, as follows, were enacted to strengthen the mandate of NSO.
PD 418 (Reconstituting the Bureau of the Census and Statistics, to be known as National Census and Statistics Office, under the administrative supervision of the National Economic and Development Authority, dated March 20, 1974)
EO 121 (Reorganization Act of the Philippine Statistical System, dated August 4, 1987)
EO No 5 (Strengthening the National Statistics Office, dated July 29, 1998).
Scope and Coverage
The 2009 ASPBI covered establishments engaged in 14 economic sectors classified under the amended 1994 Philippine Standard Industrial Classification (PSIC), namely:
- Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry (A)
- Fishing (B)
- Mining and Quarrying (C)
- Manufacturing (D)
- Electricity, Gas and Water Supply (E)
- Construction (F)
- Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair and Maintenance of Motor Vehicles, Motorcycles and Personal and Household Goods (G)
- Hotels and Restaurants (H)
- Transport, Storage and Communications (I)
- Financial Intermediation (J)
- Real Estate, Renting and Business Activities (K)
- Private Education (M)
- Health and Social Work (N)
- Other Community, Social and Personal Service Activities (O)
The scope of the survey was confined to the formal sector of the economy, which consists of the following:
- Corporations and partnership
- Cooperatives and foundations
- Single proprietorship with employment of 10 and over
- Single proprietorships with branches
Unit of Enumeration
Like all other establishments surveys conducted by the NSO, the 2009 ASPBI unit of enumeration is the establishment. The establishment is defined as a unit which engages, under a single ownership or control, in one, or predominantly one kind of activity at a single fixed location.
In actual practice, however, there are difficulties in applying the ideal definition so the establishment is defined in operational terms to take into account the organization and record-keeping practices of certain sectors by making the single location and activity criteria more flexible. This necessitates the use of the kind-of-activity unit for certain sectors as the single location restriction is eliminated.
Taxonomy of Establishments
An establishment may be classified according to its: economic organization, legal organization, industry, employment size, and geographic location.
The Economic Organization refers to the organizational structure or role of the establishment in the organization. An establishment may be single establishment, branch, establishment and main office with branches elsewhere, main office only, and ancillary unit other than main office.
The Legal Organization (LO) refers to the legal form of the economic entity which owns the establishment. An establishment may be Single Proprietorship, Partnership, Government Corporation, Stock Corporation, Non-Stock Corporation, and Cooperative.
According to industrial classification, the main activity of an establishment is determined by the activity from which it derives its major income or revenue. The amended 1994 PSIC, based on the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) Rev3.1 was used to classify economic units according to their economic activities.
The size of an establishment is determined by its total employment (TE). Listed below are the employment size classifications and the corresponding codes used in the 2009 ASPBI.
| Employment Code | Total Employment | Employment Code | Total Employment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 - 4 | 5 | 100 - 199 |
| 1 | 5 - 9 | 6 | 200 - 499 |
| 2 | 10 - 19 | 7 | 500 - 999 |
| 3 | 20 - 49 | 8 | 1000 - 1999 |
| 4 | 50 - 99 | 9 | 2000 & over |
Establishments are also classified by geographic area using the Philippine Standard Geographic Classification (PSGC). The PSGC is a systematic classification and coding of geographic areas of the Philippines. It contains the latest updates on the official composition of regions, provinces, cities, municipalities and barangays in the Philippines. The 2009 ASPBI adopted the PSGC as of December 31, 2009.
The 2009 ASPBI Questionnaires
The 2009 ASPBI utilized five types of questionnaires. These questionnaires were designed after taking into consideration the requirements of the main users. The questionnaires are listed below:
| Form Type | Sector | Spot Color |
|---|---|---|
ASPBI Form 1 | Agriculture, Hunting and Forestry; Fishing | Green |
ASPBI Form 2 | Mining and Quarrying; Manufacturing; Electricity, Gas and Water Supply | Yellow |
ASPBI Form 3 | Construction | Orange |
ASPBI Form 4 | Wholesale and Retail Trade; Repair of Motor Vehicles, Motorcycles and Personal and Household Goods | Red |
ASPBI Form 5 | Business and Services | Blue |
Establishments were asked to provide the following information:
| Item No. | Description |
|---|---|
(Cover Page) | Name and Address of the Establishment and its reporting unit |
| Control Panel for Establishment Characteristics (For NSO Use Only) | |
1 | Business and Registered Name, Company Website and TIN |
2 | Economic Activity or Business in 2009 |
3 | Year Started Operation |
4 | Legal Organization in 2009 |
5 | Economic Organization in 2009 |
| Name and Address of Main Office and Contact Person in Main Office | |
6 | Capital Participation as of 31 December 2009 |
7 | Number of Paid Employees as of 15 November 2009 |
8 | Number of Unpaid Workers as of 15 November 2009 |
9 | Total Employment as of 15 November 2009 |
10 | Number of Production/Construction Workers as of 15 November 2009 (only in ASPBI Form 2/ASPBI Form 3) |
11 | Total Hours Worked by Production/Construction Workers in 2009 (only in ASPBI Form 2/ASPBI Form 3) |
12 | Gross Salaries and Wages, Separation Pay, etc. Paid in 2009 |
13 | Social Contributions Paid by Employers in 2009 |
14 | Total Revenue in 2009 |
15 | Subsidies Received from the Government in 2009 |
16 | Total Cost Incurred in 2009 |
17 | Capital Expenditures and Sale of Tangible Fixed Assets, including Losses and Damages in 2009 |
18 | Capital Expenditures for All Tangible Fixed Assets by Mode of Acquisition in 2009 |
19 | Capital Expenditures for Intangible Assets in 2009 |
20 | Book Value of Tangible Fixed Assets as of 31 December 2009 |
21 | Book Value of Intangible Assets as of 31 December 2009 |
22 | Average Capacity Utilization Rate in 2009 (only in ASPBI Form 2) |
23 | Inventories in 2009 |
24 | Branches, Divisions, Plants Owned and Controlled (for Main Office) |
25 | Remarks |
| Certification | |
| Contact Person | |
| Processing Information (For NSO Use Only) |
Frame of Establishments
The 2009 ASPBI sampling frame was extracted from the 2009 List of Establishments (LE).
There were about 781,000 establishments in operation in the country in 2009. Distribution of these establishments reveals that about 609,000 establishments are classified as the informal sector and the remaining 172,000 establishments are classified as the "formal" sector. However, around 90% (154,000) of establishments classified in the "formal" sector are within the coverage of the 2009 ASPBI and thus, comprise the frame of the survey.
Sampling Design
The 2009 ASPBI used stratified systematic sampling with five-digit PSIC serving as first stratification variable and TE as the second stratification variable.
Geographic Domain. For establishments with TE of 20 and over, the geographic domain were the regions. For establishments with TE of less than 20, the whole country served as the geographic domain.
Industry Domain. The industry domain comprised 1,036 sub-classes (5-digit PSIC), regardless of employment size.
Employment Stratum. Some employment sizes were combined to comprise an employment stratum and were limited to only five strata for all sectors. The basic consideration for grouping was the concentration of establishments in the employment sizes.
Within the industry domains for each sector, the establishments were grouped according to the following employment stratum:
| Employment Stratum | |
|---|---|
| 1 - 9 | (size 0 and 1) |
| 10 - 19 | (size 2) |
| 20 - 49 | (size 3) |
| 50 - 99 | (size 4) |
| 100 and over | (size 5 to 9) |
Sample size. For establishments with employment of less than 20, the sample size was obtained by applying the specific sampling rates for each employment stratum of the industry domain at the national level. The total sample size for establishments with employment of less than 20 was 11,466 establishments. For the Fishing sector, the estimated total sample size for TE of less than 20 was 212.
For establishments with employment of 20 and over, the sample size was obtained by applying the specific sampling rates for the ith employment stratum in the jth industry stratum at the national level and allocating to the regions. The aggregate sample size for employment of 20 and over in all sectors was 17,242 establishments. For the Fishing sector, the estimated sample size for TE of 20 and over was 158.
Response Rate
A total of 349 out of 370 or 94.3 percent sample establishments responded in Fishing sector. These include receipts of "good" questionnaires, partially accomplished questionnaires, reports of closed, moved out or out of scope establishments.
Concepts and Definitions of Terms
Book value is the initial value or acquisition cost of tangible fixed assets less accumulated depreciation.
Capital expenditures for tangible fixed assets include cost of acquisition of new and used fixed assets; fixed assets produced by the establishment for its own use; major alterations, additions and improvements to fixed assets, whether done by others or on own account. Fixed assets received from other establishments belonging to the same enterprise are valued as though purchased.
Change in inventories is equivalent to the total value of inventories at the end of the year less the value of inventories at the beginning of the year.
Cost refers to all expenses incurred during the year whether paid or payable. Valuation is at purchaser prices including taxes and other charges, net of rebates, returns and allowances. Goods and services received by the establishment from other establishments of the same enterprise are valued as though purchased.
Economic activity is the establishment’s source of income. If the establishment is engaged in several activities, its main economic activity is that which earns the biggest income or revenue.
Gross addition to tangible fixed assets is equal to capital expenditures less sale of fixed assets, including land.
Intermediate cost refers to expenses incurred in the production of goods such as materials and supplies purchased, fuels purchased, electricity purchased, and fishery and industrial services done by others plus beginning inventory of materials, supplies and fuels less ending inventory of materials, supplies and fuels.
Inventories refer to the stock of goods owned by and under the control of the establishment as of a fixed date, regardless of where the stocks are located. Valuation is at current replacement cost in purchaser prices. Replacement cost is the cost of an item in terms of its present price rather than its original cost.
Revenue includes cash received and receivables for goods/products and by-products sold and services rendered. Valuation is at producer prices (ex-establishment), net of discounts, and allowances, including duties and taxes but excluding subsidies.
Salaries and wages are payments in cash or in kind to all employees, prior to deductions for employee’s contributions to SSS/GSIS, withholding tax, etc. Included are total basic pay, overtime pay and other benefits.
Social contributions paid by employers refer to payments made by the establishment on behalf of the employees. Examples are SSS, GSIS, Employees Compensation Commission (ECC), Philhealth and PAG-IBIG.
Subsidies are all special grants in the form of financial assistance or tax exemption or tax privilege given by the government to aid and develop an industry.
Total employment is the number of persons who worked in for the establishment as of November 15, 2009.
Paid employees are all persons working in the establishment and receiving pay, as well as those working away from the establishment paid by and under the control of the establishment. Included are all employees on sick leave, paid vacation or holiday. Excluded are consultants, home workers, receiving pure commissions only, and workers on indefinite leave.
Unpaid workers are persons working for at least one third of the working time normal to the establishment and do not receive regular pay.
Working owners are owners who are actively engaged in the management but do not receive regular pay, i.e. not included in the payrolls. Managers and directors of corporations working for pay are reported as managers.
Source: National Statistics Office
Manila, Philippines
